Charles Falconer, Lord Falconer z Thoroton, w całości Charles Leslie Falconer, (ur. 19 listopada 1951 r., Edynburg, Szkocja), brytyjski polityk, którego kadencja jako kanclerza (2003–2007) naznaczona była reformą systemu prawnego Zjednoczonego Królestwa.
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Falconer kształcił się w Trinity College w Glenalmond (obecnie Glenalmond College) w Szkocji i studiował prawo na University of Cambridge, Queen's College. Jako chłopiec poznał Tony'ego Blaira (przyszłego premiera Wielkiej Brytanii), aw latach 60. XX wieku rywalizowali nawet z tą samą młodą kobietą. W 1976 r. Obaj byli młodymi adwokatami pracującymi w tym samym budynku. Blair przeprowadziła się na jakiś czas do mieszkania Falconera w południowym Londynie i obaj zaczęli działać w tym samym lokalnym oddziale Partii Pracy.
W latach osiemdziesiątych, po tym, jak Blair wszedł do polityki, Falconer kontynuował udaną karierę prawniczą, specjalizując się w prawie handlowym. Obaj pozostali blisko; kupowali domy blisko siebie w Islington w północnym Londynie i często jedli razem posiłki. W 1991 roku, w niezwykle młodym wieku 40 lat, Falconer został mianowany Queen's Counsel (oficjalna nazwa starszych adwokatów). Przed wyborami powszechnymi w 1997 r. (Z rządem laburzystów prawie na pewno po 18 latach w opozycji) starał się kandydować do parlamentu, ale został odrzucony, ponieważ wysłał swoje dzieci do prywatnych, płatnych szkół - coś, co aktywnie działa lokalna praca Członkowie partii w przeważającej części ubolewają.
Following Labour’s return to power in that election, Blair arranged for a life peerage for his old friend and appointed him solicitor general. In 1998 Falconer was moved to the Cabinet Office, where he came to public attention as the minister responsible for the controversial Millennium Dome. He defended a project that many considered indefensible with good humour, a stance that evoked admiration and criticism in equal measure. After brief terms as housing minister (2001) and minister for criminal justice (2002–03), on June 12, 2003, Falconer was named to the post of lord chancellor. On the same day, Blair announced the abolition of that position (first created in 605) and its replacement by the role of secretary of state for constitutional affairs. Falconer, as the 259th and last lord chancellor, as well as the first constitutional affairs secretary, was given the task of introducing the legislation for the change. Within Parliament and the legal profession, there was widespread support in principle for reform. New measures would finally separate politics and the judiciary and end the ability of a government minister to appoint senior judges. Blair’s appointment of his friend badly weakened the impact of a reform designed to curb patronage, but Falconer himself attracted little criticism—his skills, integrity, and easygoing style were admired across the political spectrum.
The reforms overseen by Falconer included the creation of a new supreme court. Although he ultimately failed to abolish the position of the lord chancellor, it was redefined by constitutional reform in 2006: the lord chief justice took over many of the judicial aspects of the role, and the lord chancellor was no longer to serve as speaker of the House of Lords. Falconer also dealt with interpretation of the Human Rights Act in regard to treatment of those suspected of terrorist activities—a controversial issue in the wake of the 2005 bombings of London’s Underground train system.
In May 2007, after the short-lived post of constitutional affairs secretary was abolished, Falconer became secretary of state for justice. A month later, after Gordon Brown became prime minister, Falconer was replaced by Jack Straw. Falconer took a position with a private American firm, wrote articles, and frequently appeared as a radio commentator. He also became chair of the John Smith Memorial Trust, honouring the late Labour Party leader. During Conservative David Cameron’s tenure as prime minister, Falconer served as shadow spokesman for justice (2010–15), shadow spokesman for constitutional and deputy priministerial issues (2011–15), and shadow lord chancellor and shadow secretary of state for justice (2015–16).
